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lunes, 9 de diciembre de 2013

Avances y Descubrimientos Para Un Mejor Vivir

Tesis: El grafeno es el descubrimiento innovado del último tiempo en la tecnología y Biología.


Lluvia de Ideas



- Hecho científco -> Nobel 2010
-Carbón (grafito)
-Flexible
-Tecnología
-Biología -> Avances científicos
-Resistente más que el acero
-Abundante
-Económico
-Tecnología en procesadores
-Resistencia 100%
-Recargable luz solar
-Conductor de energía y electricidad
-Resistente a altas temperaturas
-Solo un átomo de grosor
-Materia prima abundante en la naturaleza
-Regenerador de tejidos nerviosos
-Larga duración de baterías
-Transparente
-Liviano
-Impermeable

Esquema



Hecho científico ---> Premio Nobel de física 2010

Origen --> Hecho de grafito
           -->Materia prima abundante en la naturaleza
           -->Del Silicio al grafeno

Características -->Fexible
                       -->Mas resistente que el acero
                       -->Abundante
                       -->Económico
                       -->Resistente a altas T°
                       -->1 átomo de grosor
                       -->Transparente
                       -->Liviano
                       -->Impermeable
                       -->Conductor de energía
           
Avances -->Procesadores más veloces
             -->16% más eficiente que los paneles solares
             -->Larga duración de baterías
             -->Regenerador de tejidos nerviosos
             -->Biosensores que detectan ADN
             -->Biodispositivos para medicina


Nuestra sociedad actual, se caracteriza por estar siempre de la mano con la tecnología. Ésta cada vez innovando a grandes pasos gracias a descubrimientos de materiales inimaginables dando como resultado herramientas muy útiles para la cotidianidad. Por otro lado se pensaba que la medicina cada vez avanzaba menos, ya no había esperanza para las personas con pérdida de visión, sin extremidades, enfermedades incurables, etc. Eso ya queda en el pasado gracias al grafeno, un descubrimiento innovador del último tiempo en: La tecnología y Biología.

En relación con la tecnología existen procesadores a gran frecuencia. La empresa IBM reveló que trabajará con procesadores de gran frecuencia ahora hechos de grafeno, anteriormente hechos de silicio. Debido a su gran resistencia, además consume menos energía, y es aislante de calor en comparación al silicio. Por ejemplo si un procesador de silicio actual puede llegar hasta los 40GHz se podría llegar hasta los 1.000GHz con uno de grafeno.
En cuanto a los  Investigadores de la Universidad de Texas y de la Universidad de Corea del Sur descubrieron que utilizando grafeno pueden crearse pantallas táctiles flexibles debido a su material único que complementa la flexibilidad y el ínfimo peso, perfecta para utilizarla en un panel de pixeles sin quitar el brillo de su retro iluminado. Esto daría pie a la tecnología OLED, consiste en un diodo que se basa en una capa electroluminiscente formada por una película de componentes orgánicos que reaccionan a una determinada estimulación eléctrica, generando y emitiendo luz por sí mismos.

Por lo que respecta a  Investigadores de la Universidad de Cambridge lograron que  se utilizara el grafeno en la captación de una inmensa cantidad de luz lo que genera cables de fibra óptica de alta velocidad dando como resultado hacer las telecomunicaciones mucho más rápidas, estables y seguras.
En cuanto a lo que afecta a muchas personas que en su diario vivir están presentes los teléfonos celulares, laptops, etc. y su poca duración de baterías. Ahora con el grafeno se confeccionarán baterías de larga duración de aproximadamente 10 veces más y una reducción de 10 veces de tiempo de carga. También está la idea presente de crear unos audífonos y parlantes de alta calidad que al mismo tiempo sean muy portátiles con un diafragma hecho de este increíble material denominado grafeno que se coloque en medio de dos electrodos para crear un campo magnético, tras lo cual el grafeno vibra y produce sonido.

Otro aspecto es que, si  bien se sabe nuestro planeta está sufriendo a causa del calentamiento global. Primero fueron los paneles solares, pero estos serán parte del pasado ya que se está trabajando en una nueva sustancia, es un material basado en el grafeno capaz de absorber la energía emitida por el sol para transformarla en energía utilizable dentro del hogar en forma de pintura.
En lo referente a las  cámaras fotográficas de hoy en día están compuestas por solo un lente que pasa luz y detecta un sensor para capturar la imagen. Se logró crear un sensor hecho de grafeno, aumentando la sensibilidad del dispositivo unas mil veces en relación a las tecnologías actuales dando como resultado capturas de imágenes con poca luz mucho más nítidas, además, estos nuevos sensores de grafeno consumen diez veces menos energía y son cinco veces más económicos.
"Es el grafeno de alta pureza y el que reúne las mejores propiedades. Se emplea para fabricar electrodos de baterías, pantallas táctiles, células solares, electrónica digital y analógica de alta frecuencia o composites avanzados para aeronáutica", explica Jesús de la Fuente director de la empresa Graphenea Nanomaterials de España.


Respecto al área de la biología, el grafeno abre las puertas a la regeneración de tejidos musculares y huesos. Las más recientes investigaciones anuncian que el grafeno será utilizado para la regeneración del tejido nervioso con la creación de implantes musculares, retina ocular e implantes óseos de este material. "También se especula con la posibilidad de producir implantes neuronales y regenerar tejidos nerviosos dañados", señala Jesús De la Fuente, director de la empresa Graphenea Nanomaterials de España, una de las pocas compañías que de momento, producen este material.

Existe la creación de biodispositivos, envoltorios bactericidas para medicinas y alimentos. El grafeno tiene la particularidad de ser flexible, transparente, muy liviano y más resistente que el mismo silicio lo que da la posibilidad de crear biodispositivos de mejor calidad, a su vez también será un gran aporte para los envoltorios de alimentos que consumimos a diario y las medicinas que antes eran recubiertas con plata, ahora serán de grafeno.
Elsa Prada, investigadora del Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), señala que “el grafeno podría usarse también en biodispositivos, en envoltorios bactericidas para medicinas o para fabricar materiales compuestos más ligeros y resistentes (para aviones, coches, etc.).”

Para concluir y confirmar nuestra tesis podemos decir que el grafeno si es un descubrimiento innovador del último tiempo ya que, como mencionado anteriormente, mejora enormemente nuestros estilos de vida y necesidades específicas. Nos referimos a la salud ya que hace tiempo atrás las enfermedades y discapacidades no tenían, en su mayoría retorno. En mi opinión, gracias a este magnífico descubrimiento se mejorará bastante como sociedad, hacer un planeta con un medio ambiente más sano y menos explotado.
“Lo que sabemos es una gota, lo que ignoramos un inmenso océano. La admirable disposición y armonía del universo, no ha podido sino salir del plan de un ser omnisciente y omnipotente.” Newton.



Juana

Descripción Física
Juana tiene una piel de color trigueña y suave como los pétalos de una rosa. Su cabello es negro como las aceitunas, liso y largo hasta sus delicados codos.La forma de su cara es larga y tiene una pequeña frente. Tiene un par de ojos grandes color café, son como dos luceros, estos parecieran estar cansados por la caída de sus párpados. Todo es amonioso en conjunto con sus redondas y bien definidas cejas, más sus largas y gruesas pestañas negras. Entre ellos se encuentra su larga y fina nariz. Sus pómulos no son tan pronunciados pero van perfecto con ella.Su boca de color rubí tiene en particular, el labio superior es delgado en comparación al inferior, éste es mas grueso y carnoso.


Descripción Sicológica
Tengo el agrado de conocer a Juana y puedo decir que ella es una mujer muy paciente y muy relajada ante cualquier situación a la que ella se enfrente. En el ambiente donde se desenvuelve, en algunas ocasiones situaciones incómodas, pero ella demuestra mucha madurez, respeto y tolerancia ante todo.
    Su personalidad la convierte en una mujer tímida e introvertida. No acostumbra formar parte de problemas o líos confusos con gente que se crea superior, porque le desagradan los gritos y discusiones.
Tampoco se deja pasar a llevar si tiene que sacar un carácter fuerte y firme para poder defenderse, lo hace. Sus valores son muy claros e importantes para ella, no le gustan las mentiras, la gente deshonesta o quienes abusan de los más débiles.
Ella si puede ayudar a alguien lo hace sin pensarlo dos veces, de lo contrario, hará lo imposible para lograrlo.
Le incomoda mucho la multitud y le aterran los temblores, pero esto no es algo que no pueda controlar.

Marinero Desconocido



El Marinero Desconocido, es un lugar turístico ubicado al norte de las costas de Iquique. Es un lugar muy tranquilo, lleno de paz, su único sonido es el oleaje del mar. Es un hermoso atardecer.
    En El fondo se ve el amplio cielo nublado con matices celestes, plomos, amarillos y naranjos. En el centro del cielo está el sol con su admirable tono amarillo y su borde con matiz naranja descendiendo hacia el mar. Las vastas y tranquilas aguas, sin oleaje, de un azul intenso parecen un espejo reflejando los luminosos destellos amarillos del sol, mezclándose entre las oscuras aguas. En el mirador se erigen tres postes de luz, uno en el medio, otro al costado izquierdo y el tercero al costado derecho entrelazados con cables, además hay unas barandas cilíndricas de color negro que bordean un piso plano hecho rústicamente de piedras color café.
    Albergan a dos personas, un hombre con polera blanca apoyado con sus codos en la baranda deleitándose del paisaje que emana paz desde el océano, y la segunda persona un niño vestido con polera blanca y pantalón rojo pareciera que fuera a hacer la acción de sentarse en la banquilla blanca al costado derecho del marinero.
    Se puede apreciar la estructura hacia nuestra derecha, ésta hace referencia al nombre del lugar, Marinero Desconocido. Esta estatua mide doce pies de alto y está hecha de acero inoxidable recubierta por una pintura verde musgo. Representa a un marinero que fue mártir del Combate Naval de Iquique. El ángulo de la imagen nos permite ver la espalda de él cargando el peso de su cuerpo sobre su pierna derecha y se encuentra mirando hacia el mar, frente al lugar exacto donde perdió su vida luchando por la patria.

Anécdota

Mi mamá siempre ha pertenecido a la iglesia y hace aproximadamente  15 años atrás, cuando yo tenía 6 años la acompañé a un retiro en un pueblo del interior donde se reunieron por un fin de semana a orar y estar en constante cercanía con Dios. No tengo muchos recuerdos de ello pero sí que estuve presente en todas las jornadas, alabanzas , oraciones y una situación en particular que me marcó mucho.  Era una tarde cuando ya estábamos por bajar a Iquique, mientras esperábamos que llegara el bus, mi mamá conversaba con las personas que también habían asistido al retiro mientras yo como niña jugaba unos metros lejos de ella. Me subí a una tarima alta y peligrosa caminando por su borde y de pronto, me ponen la mano sobre el hombro y me acompañaron hasta que di la vuelta a toda la tarima. Yo confiada pensé que era mi mamá cuidándome que no me lastimara ni perdiera el equilibrio, pero al terminar el recorrido miro hacia atrás y no había nadie. No sentí miedo de lo que pasó, sentí tanta protección que la única explicación que quise darle es que Dios cuidaba de mí y así lo quiero creer hasta hoy.

Night Owl Person

I am a night person. I love the night because I am not in classes and I have a lot of free time to do all the things that I want. I love things like to get rest and be relaxed, stay at the computer chatting with my friends. Also I can spend a good time with my boyfriend watching a movie, talking about our day, walking along the beach, eating delicious food and a lot of more things with him. Also I can spend time with my family, especially with my two little sisters because I don’t live with them. I feel good at the night because I feel a lot of peace without all the noise of the day. I just can be in my bed and think about what I do good and wrong in the day, my problems, my boyfriend, my life, what I have to do the next day and a lot of things until I fall asleep.

House Description

General Description:
Real estate E.N.A.P. brings to you to today a beautiful house model Sun Prairie. 2 Floors with basement included. Garage, 4 Bedrooms and 3 Bathrooms. Living room, Dining room and Kitchen all Connected in a single room, Storage room near of the kitchen, Laundry Room all nice distributed in the 2 floors of the house, Oh, I also should mention the including of a really big personal Garden.
All the rooms have windows at their sides for make the sunlight penetrate in the house and filling it with the Daylight. Pay attention to the nicely done floors of the house. with a special distribution of Carpets and floors made of wood. All this makes the ambient feels really cozy, Perfect for families and especially for children.

This house is ubicated in the suburbs. but not for that detail you would believe all is far away of you. the shops and commodities, like supermarkets, Malls, Schools  even go to the Downtown it takes no time from your house here in the suburbs all thanks to Highway that connects with the city, and if any of you doesn’t have a vehicle, No Problem!. public transport even makes routes until here. so the distance should be not a problem to anyone.

Still not convinced? Come to talk with us in person. we have headquarters around all the country and employees ready for ask all your questions. Come to Real estate E.N.A.P. Come to home

Sitting Room:
A semi room used for resting and receiving people. There is a wide white room divided into two sides, the right side of the room has two little windows that are separated from each other and have brown short curtains over it. In the middle of both windows there are two rectangle-shaped pictures with flowers that are in vertical way. Down these pair of pictures there is situated a white sofa with four cushions over it: two burgundy and two dotted. In both sides next to the sofa there are two medium brown round tables with lamps on it and some portraits. In front of the sofa there is a brown rectangle table with black porcelain ve-ls that are on it

Bathroom:
It is a square place used as a bathroom, where the principal furniture is a round, white bathtub, actually a jacuzzi. The walls are painted grey combined with light brown and have a nice painting of flowers, also you can use other types of paintings to  make you feel more comfortable and happy if you want.The wall that is in the background  has a window  made of opaque glass that can be used for ventilation and clarity in a summer or spring season, in the other wall  there is a type of grip  to put  towels but in other cases can be used to put  clothes and that sort of things too. The grip has a towel that  is white with a red tape. Around the bath in one corner of it, it is a  floral arrangement to decorate the bathroom in general and in the other corner  there are a few of naturals and minerals products made to take a relaxing bath. Within the same bathroom in front of the jacuzzi there is a sink, supported by a dark, brown and hard wood, the sink has two options: hot and cold water. Over the sink there is a large mirror from wall to  wall, which reflects the electric light throughout the bathroom in general, giving a warm atmosphere. In the other side of the bathroom, beside the  jacuzzi is located a shower with sliding windows  that give an elegant touch to the bathroom.

The Main  Bedroom:
This room is one of the biggest  in the house, making it comfortable, the walls have two colors, light peach making it relaxing and deep red making it romantic. At the beginning of the room it`s a brown piece of furniture with five drawers and ten white handlebars for stuff, at the top of the furniture it’s a red lamp combining with the colours of the walls. In the middle of the light peach wall is a passage  and  two others little rooms, both are wardrobes that one can be  for the wife and the other for the husband. In the deep red wall is a window with a beautiful view. The bed is a king bed very comfortable  and is resistant because is made of wood, the blanket is floral with cheerful colours like  red, white, green, and yellow, the pillows are of the same color except one that is red making combination with the atmosphere of the room. Next to the bed is other window, equal to the other mentioned before, making illuminated it. If we keep moving in the bedroom we can see a brown couch with a red pillow with white details, you can use it for read a book, made some calls, or just rest. The last furniture is bigger and you can store bed clothing, at the back is a big and beautiful mirror. We can find at  the end of the corridor a beautiful and comfortable bathroom with a jacuzzi for a relaxing and romantic night.

Garden:
It’s a large area of land around the house that has grass, on the bottom of grass you can find small stones that made a path that
leads you to the house, also you can plant flowers, fruit,vegetable, etc,
usually with a lawn. The garden can incorporate  natural product or artificial
made by  man-made materials,as suggestive idea, you can build or decorate your garden with goblins, flower pots, design  a relaxing environment  for making good Reading and interesting conversation. or make it appropriate for children and  their played

Kitchen: This is a cozy  kitchen, very well equipped, full of appliances, cupboards and cabinets. At the right it’s a large cupboard made of wood and a grey, marble kitchen countertop. Over of it, we can see some jars and bottles that you can use it for condiments, there is also a big and useful sink.  At the back  we can see a grey stove, and over of it, is a microwave surrounded by many cabinets made of light brown wood that are spread throughout the room, so you will not have problems for keeping your stuff. At the left corner it’s a white door that takes you to a small room, in which you can keep more grocery, and at the left of it, there are more cabinets, and a cupboard. The cupboard has some drawers with some decorations over of it, like a red vase, a flower pot, etc. There is also a big, grey refrigerator with  two doors.  Finally, in the center of the room, we can see an island with two drawers and two doors of the same color of all the other cupboards of the room, over the countertop of the island it’s a plate with little stones decorating it. So even when is a small kitchen is well equipped for cook anything you like, and also to spend a good time cooking.

Kitchen Dining Room:
It is a small and a comfortable room in which you can see a large table made of wood. On the table there are some table mats,  two candelabra and in the middle one flower arrangement to beautify the place. Around of the table there are six chairs made of wood too. Next to the table, there is a window with a small curtain. At the back you can see a big, green plant. In the other side of the wall there is a picture with four different colors. Between the plant and the picture, there is a cupboard made of wood and in the doors there are glasses. In general, walls are white in this room, you can see it side to side, but at the back there is a red wall and those colors make a perfect match.

Children Bedroom:
There are two comfortable bedrooms for kids on the second floor. The first one is a baby boy bedroom with a white door and two-colored painted walls which are white and deep red, and a large window with a short curtain. When you enter the room you can see a wardrobe at the right. In front of the wardrobe there’s a one-size bed with red and green pillows, a toy stuff and a multi-coloured bedspread covering the bed.The bed is surrounded by many toys such a red plastic ball, boxes, etc. Next to the bed  there’s a night table with a lamp and a toy. At the left side of the room there’s a white door, where you can save your clothes and different stuffs. On the walls, just behind the bed, you can see a large portrait with a big dinosaur painted on it and the name of the person who lives here next to it. Next to the window, there’s a bag hanging from the wall and a dinosaur plushie. There's a carpet on the floor so the person who lives here can walk barefoot inside the room.
Finally, as you can see, this is a quiet and comfortable room where your kid can enjoy and be happy here.

The second one is a girl bedroom. This room is a bit bigger than the first one and has orange-painted walls, two large windows with short and green curtains and carpeted floor. When you enter the room, you can see a big desk with many writing materials at the left, a red lamp and a large mural on the wall with many pieces of paper. Next to the desk, there's a white wardrobe with a big green box on it and a portrait behind. On the right side and in the center of the room, there's a big bed with floral-printed bedspread and green sheet. There are red and blue pillows and a small pillow with them, and a toy on the bed. At the both sides of the bed, you can see two white night tables with lamps of the same color and two little pictures. Behind the bed, there's another picture with flowers on it.
Finally, there are objects and a bag hanging on the wall next to the bed, and many stuff on the floor, such a bag and skates. As you can see, it's a comfortable place  where your daughter can relax and enjoy her time in the room.



domingo, 8 de diciembre de 2013

The Most Importante Person In My Life

Physical Description
Lidia, that is my mother’s name. She is the most important person of my family in my life. She has very long straight brown hair, like the chocolate. Her face is round and her skin is white like a flake of snow, without any wrinkles. Her nose is perfect to her face. Her eyes are small, rounded and their color is brown, but in the sunlight are honey color. The eyelashes are short, and the eyebrows are rounded and black. Her mouth is medium, but with very thick and red lips. She has a beautiful smile, and her teeth are withe like the ivory. Her body is small and thin, equal when she was a teenager; a very nice waist, and a very tiny and softly hands to make me cuddle until I fall asleep.



Sychologycal Description

My mother Lidia is a very good and kind person. Maybe she is not my best friend, but that doesn’t mean that I can’t trust in her. Perhaps it happens just for my fault, because she is always there for me, even that we don’t live together. She is always worried to make me a phone call, and give me everything that I need. She is very peaceful with everybody. Is a very good listener and very good giving me some pieces of advice. She doesn’t have many friends, but the friends that she has are from all the entire life. My mother is very happy, and the most important thing to her is the family and God. She is very sensible, and the only thing that you can do to hurt her and make her feel angry, sad and terribly disappointed is lying to her. I don’t like to hurt her and make her feel angry, sad or disappointed, so I try to be the best daughter to her, because I love my mother so much. 

Pingu's Family Celebrate Christmas



It was a beautiful day in the North Pole. In the middle of the snow was located a very nice igloo.
It was around 5 p.m. and the penguin mother was preparing delicious christmas cookies and told at the penguin sons:
-"Come here to help me to prepare the cookies!"
The little penguins run to the kitchen to help their mother and one of them said:
-"Momi, we want to eat cookies now!"
The penguin mother says:
-"You have to be patient!"
Suddenly, when the penguin mother was taking out the cookies from the oven, the penguin father entered the house with a gift, and the children runs to receive him and they want to open the present to know what is inside.
The penguin father said:
-"Not boys, the present is for Christmas, you must wait."
The penguin father goes to say hello to his wife, and said:
-"Oh you have prepared my favorite cookies! Can I eat one?"
The penguin mother said:
-"No, you have to wait just like the children, a purpose, have you bought the christmas tree?"
The penguin father said:
-"Not yet, I am going to go now with the boys."
Later in the tree’s shop; the penguin father, with his children choose a medium tree and they come back to home very anxious to decorate it.
When they return home, the penguin mother was ready with the gifts to put them at the bottom of the tree, but when she was walking in direction to the christmas tree, she fell, and the penguin father said:
-“Look what you did! You dropped the children gifts!”
The penguin mother said:
-“But it wasn’t my fault, somebody left this rope here and I didn’t see it!
Then the penguin couple start to argue very hard, and the children see them and star to said:
-“Don’t argue please, not in Christmas night. Tonight have to be a night of peace and love, and share like a happy family, that’s the most beautiful gift that you can give us, love.”
The penguin parents realize that their children are right, they stop arguing and hug, and the penguin mother said:
-“Boys; you have to go into the house and didn’t see the anything, because it is a surprise for you. The children go to the house and wait there listening carols, and making gifts while waiting that the parents arm the Christmas tree.
Penguin mother goes to look them at the house; the children leave the house and are surprised looking the tree with a lot of gifts. Then the family starts to open the gifts and they were very happy with their presents. They finalize the night singing carols in family very happy at the light of the moon and stars.

The End.



Kinds Of Paragraph

 Feeling Great!

My favorite season of the year is summer. I love it, because when I go to the beach, I really enjoy feeling the sun rays on my skin and feeling the sense of freedom wearing light clothing. I have a lot of free time to walk for the beach and feel the sand in my foot, the breeze of the ocean on my face, hear the sound of the see and the singing of the birds, and stay there looking the beauty of the nature. At night I like to walk and walk around the entire city and smell in every corner of the city the smell of the sea and hear the pass of the cars, people talking and laughing everywhere. When I return home, tired for the walk of beach, I lie down to eat my favorite ice cream that feels great, or drink a frosty soda. I love frosty things, because in summer I can consume more than in another season. These are the reasons why I love summer more than other seasons.





Summer: Family & Friends!



The most beautiful and fun season of the year is summer. I really enjoy it because I can do a lot of things, for example, in December I can spend a lot of time with my little sisters, playing their dolls, waiting for the carriage of Santa Claus in our home that comes from the work of my father. It makes me happy see my sisters are happy, and it’s the month of that I see them more than other season. Also, January has interesting things, for example; we travel sometimes to other countries, but not so far, just Bolivia or Peru. I like go there because are other cultures, I can learn a lot of them, and share experiences with my family to tell to my friends or maybe my sons, if I have them some day. And the last month of summer is February; it’s shorter but not less special. This month I try to spend it with my friends for example going to parties, to the beach, spending time together before we return to our duties in university or job.





Different Christmas


When I was 20 years old, I worked in a company called Indelec for seven months. My last month of work was December, midsummer. It was very special because there my boss authorized us to organize a Christmas carriage. At first, I wasn’t very excited with the idea, because I haven’t got any children to give a gift, but with the passing of the days and seeing that everybody was very motivated with their costumes, the lights, the preparation of weeks for this and the christmas spirit, I decided to participate. Came the day, I wasn’t excited in hundred percent compared to my partners, but I was ready with the candies boots, the gifts and the music to go out to the street, I saw a lot of children running behind us screaming and asking for candies. That’s the reason why I love summer, because it’s in Christmas season, and Christmas makes happy a lot of people, children with the visit of Santa Claus, and parents with the smile of their children, and me with the smile of a lot of girls and boys even though they aren’t my children.


"Christmas is doing a little something extra for someone."

― Charles M. Schulz